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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. P. E. DROWN.

APPARATUS FOR BLEAGHING.

No. 441,946. Patented Dee. 2,1890.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2. P. E. BROWN. APPARATUS FOR BLEAGHING.

No. 441,946. Patented Dec. 2, 1890.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK EUGENE DROVVN, OF PAXVTUCKET, RHODE ISLAND.

APPARATUS FOR BLEACHING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 441,946, dated December2, 1890.

Application filed March 24., 1890. Serial No. 345,153. (No model.)

To to whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK EUGENE DROWN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Pawtucket, in the county of Providence and State ofRhode Island, have invented a new and useful Apparatus for Bleaching andDyeing Textile Fabrics, Braids, and Yarns, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to an improved apparatus for the purpose; and myinvention has for its object the bleaching and dyeing of cotton andother textile fabrics and braids arranged in a specific manner. Thepieces of fabric sewed together at the ends are wound in a continuousmanner many thousand yards in length upon a portable roll, which can bearranged to fit, first, the winding-machine; second, the bleaching anddyeing vessel; third, the finishing machinery. By having its endsarranged for this purpose, or, as is more usually the casein practice,itis arranged to be placed on a shaft adapted to the ma- The fabric inbulk wound on a portable roll is placed in the bleaching and dyeingvessel and therein treated in a thin sheet with the bleaching or dyeingagents, solutions, steam, and gases, or air above or below the normalpressure of the atmosphere, assisting the action of the bleaching anddyeing agents or exhausting them from the fabric by pressing the fabricbetween squeezingrolls, and after the bleaching or dyeing operationshave terminated removing the fabric from the bleaching or dyeing vesselin bulk wound on a portable. roll. I attain these objects by themechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1is an end elevation of the apparatus and vessel A and the fabric in theform of a roll Wound on a portable roll B and in position to be loweredinto vessel A. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the vessel Aon line a of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the fabric in the form ofa roll wound on a roll B. Fig. 4: is an end view of the roll B. Fig. 5is an elevation of the braid Wound in the form of a roll onto a roll B,having sheets or plates a fixed to roll B, between which the braid iswound. Fig. 6 is a plan of slotted guide (t in vessel A. Fig. 7 is atransverse section of the vessel A and an opposite end elevation of theapparatus from that shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a transverse verticalsection of another form of the vessel A on line 0 of Fig. 9. Fig. 9 is aplan of another form of the vessel A in which two chambers A and A areconnected together, havinga space between same for the squeezing-rolls Gand having tight-closing lids 7e and k.

Similar letters refer to similar parts through out the several views.

In bleaching cotton fabric by my method I proceed as follows: The fabricis wound in the form of a roll onto a portable roll B in a continuousmanner many thousand yards in length. The fabric is then placed inthevessel A with the portable roll B supported by and fixed to rotatewith the rotating shafts E and F. Another portable roll B, the same asroll B, is fixed to rotate with the rotating shafts E and F. The end offabric on roll 13 is then carried up over the roll a and through theslotted guide a and between the squeezing-rolls G and fastened aroundthe roll B. The fabric maybe carried directly onto roll B without goingthrough the guide a or over the roll 0 and treated in this manner. Thelid A is then closed and firmly fastened and the fabric is ready to betreated in the vessel A. The fabric is passed in a thin sheet throughthe bleaching and dyeing agents and pressed between the squeezingrolls Gby rotating the rolls B and B, and the squeezingrolls G Winding thefabric off of roll B and onto roll B, or, vice versa, off of roll 13 andonto roll B by reversing the rotating meel1- anism.

By Winding and unwinding the fabric and passing it in a thin sheet incontact with the bleaching and dyeing agents in vessel A, and assistingthe action of said agents or exhausting them from the fabric by pressingthe fabric between squeezing-rolls G, the fabric can be Very uniformlyand expeditiously treated by the different agents and can be washed andsqueezed, and, furthermore, the steps required for different qualitiesof bleaching or dyeing or for different kinds of fabrics can besuccessfully carried out without removing.

the fabric from the vessel A.

As the different steps in bleaching and d yeing and the agents used canbe varied to a tated and the end of the fabric made fast to' roll B andthe lid A closed and made steamtight and all pipes connectingwith thevessel A closed, the valve 6 in vent-pipe It is opened and the valve din steam -pipe I opened and steam blown through vesselA to expel theair. Then valve 6? isclosed and valve (Z also closed and sufficientwater admitted to condense the steam and form a vacuum in the vesselAthrough water-pipe J and perforated water-pipe 6 The valves (1 and (Z inpipe K, connecting vessel A with the alkali-tank L, are then opened andthe alkali solutions in tank L drawn intovessel A. Valve (1 is thenclosed and a steam-pressure admitted through steam-pipe I. The rolls Band B and the squeezing-rolls G are then rotated, winding the fabriconto roll B. After the fabric has been rewoundonto roll 13 the motion isreversed, thus reversing the motion of roll 13 and B and thesqueezing-rolls G and rewinding the fabric again upon the roll 13.

\Vhen the fabric has been sufficientlytreated with the hot alkalisolutions, the valve (Z is opened and the solution forced back into tankL by steam-pressure admitted through pipe I. Valves (Z and d are nowclosed and valve e in vent-pipe H opened andthe valve 6 in steam-pipe O,which is connected with the perforated steanrpipe c in vessel A, isopened,

and the treatment of the fabric on roll B resumed by passing said fabricbetween the squeezing-rolls G, thence over the perforated steam-pipe e,and winding it up on roll B. In admitting hot solutions into vessel A, Iprefer to form a vacuum in vessel A, as aforesaid, by admitting steamand then condensing it by spray of water. In ejecting hot solutions fromvessel A, I prefer to do so by steam-pressure admitted through steampipeI. In forming a vacuum and also an air-pressure in vessel A when coldsolutions are used I prefer to use a vacuum and aircompression pump T.After alkali treatments have terminated and the vessel A blown out freefrom alkali solutions the fabric is washed with water in the followingmanner: The valve d in water-pipe J, connecting with the perforated pipee in vessel A, is

opened, and the valve 6 in vent-pipe II and pipes connecting with thevessel A closed.

7 Then valvesf andf in pipeR are opened, and

valve 9 in suction-pipew', connecting pipe R with vacuunrpump T, is alsoopened, and the vacuum is at once formed in vessel A. Valve 9 is thenclosed and valve f opened and the chlorine solution in tank S drawn intovessel A, followed by pneumatic pressure, formed by air-compressor T asfollows: Valve f is closed, and valve g in dischargepipe 7), connectingpipe R with air-compressor T, is opened and an air-pressure maintainedin vessel A. Valve 9 is then closed.

After the fabric has been treated in the manner heretofore described bypassing it in a thin sheet through the solutions by unwinding it fromroll B and rewinding it onto roll B and the fabric pressed'bet-ween thesqueezing-rolls G the chlorine solution is drawnback into vessel S byvacuum-pump T as follows: The valve 9 in suction-pipe to, connectingtank S with vacuum-pump T, is opened and a Vacuum formed in tank S.Val-vef in pipe R is then opened, and valve 6 in ventpipe V II alsoopened and the solution withdrawn into tank S. The fabric is now washedand squeezed as before.

' In souring,thc treatment is the same as with chlorine. A vacuum isformed in vessel A and the diluted acid is drawn'in from vessel Uthrough valves f and f and pipe R, followed by pneumatic pressure, ifdesired. After treatment the solutions are withdrawn into the tank U andthe fabric washed and squeezed as before. This concludes one series ofsteps for bleaching cotton fabric.

For jute fabric, permanganates and sulphurous acid solutions can be usedalternately, or weak hypochlorites and alkali solutions and other agentsfor the bleaching and dyeing of differentkinds offabrics. Afterbleaching, the lid A is taken off and the fabric taken out of the vesselA in the form of a roll on a portable roll B. Lid A is arranged hingedto one side of vessel A and counterbalanced over a frame Y by weight Xand the roll B taken out by a hoist 71 The air-compressor andexhaust-pump T, mounted upon an air chamber or receiver arranged tocontain an air-pressure above or below the normal pressure of theatmosphere, is connected to tanks S and U by dischargepipe 2) andsuction-pipe w and to vessel A by discharge-pipe 1; and suction-pipe wand the pipe B. By this arrangement of connecting pipes the air can becompressed in or exhausted from the vessel A, the acid-tank U, or thechlorine-tank S.

The vessel A can be made in many different forms and shapes. I haveshown in Fig. 8-21. transverse vertical section of the vessel A on line0 of Fig. 9, which is a plan two chambers A and A connected together,having a space between same for the squeezerolls G, the perforatedsteam-pipe e, and the perforated water-pipe c and having tightclosinglids 7s and 7c. The fabric wound on roll B is placed in vessel A and theroll B connected to shaft E, which has a steam-tight joint with vessel AThe shaft E is arranged to rotate the roll B. The other end of roll B issupported by a short shaft F fixed to removable arms, which are fastenedto the side of the vessel A The fabric on roll B is passed by thewater-pipe e and between the squeezeroll G by the steam-pipe e and woundupon roll B, which is arranged in vessel A and is connected to theshafts E and F similar to the roll B with shafts E and F Then the fabrichas been Wound upon roll B, the motion of shafts E E and the rolls G isrefielr sed and the fabric again wound upon ro The foregoing describedmodified form of.

the vessel A is adapted more particularly for the bleaching and dyeingof textile fabrics and yarns in a rope form. In this case the portablerolls B and B have circular plates a fixed to each end, between whichthe fabric or yarns are wound in a rope form, the same as thread upon aspool, and the fabric or yarn as it travels in vessel A from roll B toB, or vice versa, is wound in a traverse manner by a traverse guidearranged in the vessel A.

Having herein described my method and apparatus for the purpose, I claimand desire to secure by Letters Patent- .1. In the bleaching and dyeingof textile fabrics and yarns, a bleaching and dyeing vessel having twochambers connected together and having tight-closing lids, and portablerolls having plates fixed to their ends, upon which the fabric and yarnsare wound in a rope form in a traverse manner to facilitate its travelin the bleaching and dyeing vessel and its removal therefrom,substantially as described.

2. In the bleaching and dyeing of textile fabrics, an apparatus having ableaching and dyeing vessel fitted with a tight-closing lid, portablerolls on which the fabric is wound, and a squeezing device between whichthe fabric is pressed, as set forth.

3. An apparatus for bleaching and dyeing textile fabrics, composed of asteam and air tight bleaching and dyeing vessel having a tight-closinglid, portable rolls on which the fabric is wound, and rotating shaftshaving steam-tight joints, with the vessel arranged to rotate theportable rolls, as set forth.

4. An apparatus for bleaching and dyeing textile fabrics, composed of asteam and air tight bleaching and dyeing vessel having a tight-closinglid, the portable rolls on which the fabric is wound, the rotatingshafts havin g steam tight j oints,with the vessel arranged to rotatethe portable rolls, and the rotating squeeze-rolls having steam-tightjoints with the vessel, as described.

5. An apparatus for bleaching and dyeing textile fabrics, composed of asteam and air tight bleaching and dyeing vessel A, having atight'closing lid A, the portable rolls B and B, on which the fabric iswound, the rotating shafts E and F and E and F, having steam-tightjoints, with vessel A arranged to rotate the portable rolls B and B, therotating squeeze-rolls G, having steam-tight joints with vessel A, andthe perforated steam-pipe e and the perforated water-pipe e as setforth.

6. An apparatus for bleaching and dyeing textile fabrics, composed of asteam and air tight bleaching and dyeing vessel A, having atight-closing lid A, the portable rolls B and B, on which the fabric iswound, the rotating shafts E and 1 and E and F, having steam-tightjoints, with vessel A arranged to rotate the portable rolls B and B, therotating squeezing-roll G, having steam-tight joints with vessel A, andthe guide a and the roll 0 as set forth.

7. An apparatus for bleaching and dyeing braids, composed of a steam andair tight bleaching and dyeing vessel A, having a tight-closing lid A,and the portable rolls B and B, on which the braid is wound, havingsheets or plates a fixed to rolls B and B, between which the braid iswound, as de' scribed.

8. An apparatus for bleaching and dyeing textile fabrics, composed of asteam and air tight bleaching and dyeing vessel A, having atight-closing lid A, portable rolls B and B, on which the fabric iswound, the squeezingrolls G, between which the fabric is pressed, andthe roll 0 over which it passes, pipe K and R for solutions and gases,steam-pipe I, perforated steam-pipe e, water-pipe J, perforatedwater-pipe e vent-pipe I1, and outletpipe 1?, as set forth.

9. An apparatus for bleaching and dyeing textile fabrics, composed of. asteam and air tight bleaching and dyeing vessel A, having atight-closing lid A, portable rolls B and B, on which the fabric iswound, the squeezingrolls G, between which the fabric is squeezed, androll o over which it passes, pipe K and R for solutions and gases,steam-pipe I, perforated steam-pipe e, water-pipe J, perforatedwater-pipe c the vent-pipe I1, outlet-pipe P, and the air-compressor andvacuum-pump T, as set forth.

March 18, 1890.

FREDERICK EU IENE DROWN.

Witnesses:

SAMUEL B. Loan, CHARLES W. LORD.

